Assessing Handling Practices and Loss Factors in the Pineapple Value Chain in Camarines Norte, Philippines

Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. cv. Queen) is a vital economic driver in Camarines Norte, Philippines, but losses in the value chain pose a significant challenge. This study employed a systems approach to investigate losses and management practices along the Queen pineapple value chain. Through surveys primarily involving 211 farmers and key informant interviews with other stakeholders, the study identified key players, their functions, and loss factors. The value chain comprises several systems, including activity and actor networks, with farmers and traders playing key roles. Preharvest losses are high at 14.9 percent, emphasizing the need for mitigation measures during production. Postharvest losses account for 47.8 percent, comprising 12.7 percent of nonmarketable and 35.1 percent of marketable rejects in the form of immaturity, mechanical damage, insect infestation, and decay due to poor harvesting practices, rough handling, and varied grading classification. In assessing loss factors, smallholder farms with less than one hectare significantly experience higher losses. Farm topography, distance from farm to collection centers, and harvesting practices also impact farm losses. To address these problems, improvements in production management practices and postharvest handling emphasizing the importance of collaboration among value chain participants and adherence to established grade standards and classification are recommended. The study likewise highlights the urgency of addressing postharvest losses in the Queen pineapple value chain with the government playing a pivotal role in providing an enabling environment such as infrastructure and logistics support, extension delivery, and market access. Policymakers, agricultural institutions, and industry stakeholders should prioritize handling and distribution improvements, sustainable practices, and technology adoption.